The bosses of Britain’s largest listed companies received record pay last year, fuelling the widest earnings gap with workers in eight years. Median pay for FTSE 100 chief executives hit £5.06m in the last financial year, according to data released by the High Pay Centre, an 8.6% increase on £4.66m the previous year and the highest level on record. Executive remuneration has been rising steadily since the pandemic, when CEOs took pay and bonus cuts as the lockdowns affected business performance.

Analysis found that listed company bosses are now paid 130 times the salary of the average full-time UK worker, up from 124 times in the previous financial year. It is the biggest gap since the ratio hit 137 in the year to the end of March 2018. The High Pay Centre said FTSE 100 firms had spent £856.6m on pay during the last financial year, including £550m remunerating chief executives.

The thinktank, founded in 2011 by Deborah Hargreaves, a former Guardian business editor, is to close after 15 years campaigning for fairer pay for workers. Its interim director, Andrew Speke, said: “The substantial growth in the gap between executive and worker pay in the last year should be a wake-up call to those who’ve turned a blind eye to rising executive pay. “We hope that a change in prime minister and a renewed focus on economic fairness will lead to economic inequality and corporate excess returning up the political agenda.” Andy Burnham, who will become the prime minister on Monday, has previously said there needs to be a public debate about high and excessive pay, and has promised to give “breathing space” as soon as he can to families struggling with the cost of living.

The median pay for a full-time UK worker is £39,000, according to the UK’s Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, based on estimates in October. The amount paid out to FTSE 100 executives has dropped to £857m, from £1bn in the previous report, while mean pay fell from £6.09m to £5.89m. The High Pay Centre said this fall was the result of the exceptionally high pay award of £212m handed out by the engineering firm Melrose Industries the previous year, as executives reaped the rewards after it bought the aerospace and automotive group GKN for £8bn in a hostile takeover in 2018.

Sixty-six of the 94 large listed companies in the analysis increased their chief executive’s pay package from the previous year. The mean long-term incentive payment (LTIP) increased by a fifth to £2.7m, and the mean short-term incentive payment (STIP) rose 14% to £1.8m. Pascal Soriot, chief executive of the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca, was the FTSE 100’s highest-paid boss last year, taking home £17.7m.

Soriot has been the highest-paid head of a listed company for three of the last four years. He was displaced by the bosses of Melrose in the previous report. GSK’s Emma Walmsley is the only woman in the top 10, although she stood down as boss of the pharmaceutical company at the beginning of the year.

Walmsley surged into second place thanks to a near-50% pay rise to £15.6m in her final year in charge. CS Venkatakrishnan, chief executive of Barclays, was paid £15m last year after EU rules limiting bonus pay were scrapped for UK banks.